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Not that it has changed much. But you are correct. Now if we could just get the physics teachers and the industry to agree on a common coordinate system!
Post a Comment. April 30, Last Friday, the Physics Central team met up at the local Six Flags theme park for a sunny day of thrills.
We weren't just there for fun, however; a flood of high school students converged there as well for a day of roller coaster physics lessons.
We came armed with accelerometers to measure g-forces on four of the park's rides and coasters. Additionally, we sprinkled physics demos throughout much of the park such as a bucket of oobleck, an egg drop contest, and a bed of nails. We have photos and acceleration data from our day at Six Flags America. Take a look below for our recap of Six Flags Physics Day !
I rode it last year, and I can assure you it's definitely a rush. Below you can see the altitude and resultant g-force data for the Superman ride. The altitude wasn't calibrated, so the exact numbers aren't correct, but you can still see what matters: the relative changes in altitude.
One "g" is the approximate acceleration due to gravity at sea level on earth: roughly 9. While riding the bumps, corkscrews, and loops of roller coasters, students felt accelerations nearly four times as high as the acceleration felt when standing on solid ground.
That'll definitely churn a weak stomach an unfortunate experience I wouldn't wish on my worst enemy. I'm going to stick to the nice, safe train ride next year. Top: The total resultant g-force for the Superman ride. Bottom: The relative altitude for the ride ground level is approximately meters on the graph.
Click to enlarge. As the students slowly climb at the beginning of the ride, the total acceleration is about 1 g — the same acceleration felt when standing on the surface of the Earth. While the center of the Earth is constantly pulling us inward, the Earth's surface or the bottom of a roller coaster cart pushes back on our feet with the same force, keeping us in place.
When there's nothing under our feet, we experience free fall. That's exactly what happens during the first descent of the ride. As you can see, there's a point after the first altitude drop where the resultant g-force drops to almost zero right around seconds.
This is when the riders are in the middle of the first big drop and reach a constant downward velocity. Although this is an approximate free fall, the only force acting on an object in a true free fall is gravity.
This same effect happens on the International Space Station; astronauts are constantly "falling" toward the surface of the Earth. Due to this constant free fall, astronauts experience weightlessness — essentially the same sensation felt during the middle of a big drop on a thrill ride.
Right after that first drop, the ride swoops upward. At the bottom of the drop, the riders experience high g-forces that slow their downward velocity. Some of the other g-forces seen in the graph above are due to the winding nature of the ride in the x- and z-axes. Other rides, however, gave us a more straightforward picture of the physics involved.
Image Credit : Jak Sie Masz I was stationed at the Tower of Doom — a ride that slowly lifts you feet up, lets your feet dangle for a frightening second, and drops you rapidly back toward the ground. Because the ride only moves along one axis, the accelerometer data clearly demonstrate a few physics principles. This ride likely provided one of the best physics lessons for the students. In the graphs below, you can see how the students inched higher and higher with a constant 1 g-force, just like at the beginning of the Superman ride.
Here, we've plotted only the y-acceleration. Because the ride only moves in the y-direction, however, the resultant acceleration is essentially the same as the y-acceleration. Top: Altitude for the Tower of Doom.
Bottom: Y-acceleration for the Tower of Doom.
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